Gaioni, D. T. (1985). The First Shark. Madrid, 1895. Dictionary Yakan Pilipino English. Mckenzie, D. A. Cole,M. H. Roldan, 1832. Sepa was sometimes given the head of a donkey (possibly to reflect the fact that donkey manure was used to improve the fertility of soil). 2, No. Lulu.com, 2018. Beyer, H. O. Nabaloi Tales. Bees have been the subject of myth and lore for ages. It is referred to in a number of Hindu scriptures. Marigondon; can level a mountain with a kick; one of the Mactan chieftains loyally allied to Datu Mangal, Umindig: chief of Bo. Beyer, H. O. The University of Chicago Press. Page 46. Philippine Folk Literature: The Myths Issue 2 of Philippine folk literature series. All the same, I have been thinking about seeking out Netjeru with Whom I am unfamiliar or unacquainted and saying hello. (2017). This is a wide concept that can be used to describe the spirits of deceased loved ones, gods of Japanese mythology, animal spirits and even the deities of other religions such as Buddha or Bodhisattvas.There are said to be eight million kami () which is a number traditionally used to express infinity in Japan. Sepa, the Centipede God, was a protective fertility deity whose worship began in the Predynastic Period (c. 6000-3150 BCE). Explore Case Studies: Maalagay Dogal/Matilo, Philippines (2013). On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. (1932, January). A Visit to the Philippine Islands. When spring rolls around, you'll see bees buzzing around your garden, partaking of the rich pollen in your flowers and herbs. the University of Georgia Press. Ultimate Reality and Meaning: The Kalinga and Ifugaw Universe. Manila. Andico, F. L. The Lowland Cultural Community of Pangasinan. Hinilawod: Adventures of Humadapnon, chanted by Hugan-an and recorded by Dr. F. Landa Jocano, Metro Manila: 2000, Punlad Research House. Tinguian Folklore and how it Mirrors Tinguian Culture and Folklife. Quezon City, Philippines: Ateneo de Manila University Press. Edited by Alejandro, R. G., Yuson, A. Socio-cultural History of Mamanwa Adaptations of Community in Sitio Palayan, Barangay Caucab, Almeria Biliran. Worms are (obviously) associated with the element of earth, and so can be incorporated into workings related to growth, fertility, the life cycle, and even the underworld. Kroeber, A. L. (1918). Wigington, Patti. Although traditionally Imbolcis associated with Brighid, the Irish goddess of hearth and home, there are a number of other deities who are represented at this time of year. Chicago: A.C. McClurg and Co. Lambrecht, F. H. (1981). Lulu.com, 2013. Dancing with the ghosts of the sea: Experiencing the Pagkanduli ritual of the Sama Dilaut (Bajau Laut) in Sikulan, Tawi-Tawi, Southern Philippines. She sometimes acted as a judge in human affairs. (1983). Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, trabajado por varios sugetos doctos y graves, y ltimamente aadido, corregido y coordinado. Diwata Magbabaya: the supreme deity and creator of heaven and earth; Palmot: one of trusted heavenly messenger of the supreme deity; an angel, Tagma-sa-Manguabungud: the god of the woods, Tagma-sa-langit: the god who protects the sick, Jobrael: also called Jobraim; son of a human and a supernatural; stayed on earth for a thousand years, and was taken back to heaven by Palmot after he failed to raise the divine kettle provided by the supreme deity, Son of Jobrael: was to be taken back to heaven seven years after his father, Jobrael, was called back; retained his earthly status due to a seven-year plan initiated by his wife, Wife of Jobrael's Son: devised the creation of the entire buklog rituals and its instruments, resulting to her husband's permanent residence on earth, Gomotan Raja: an ancient leader who settled at the banks of Lapuyan river, Gomotan Sangira: an ancient leader who settled in Megusan, Palaganding: son of Gomotan Sangira and twin brother of Rainding; a brave and proficient swordsman, Rainding: son of Gomotan Sangira and twin brother of Palaganding; a brave and proficient swordsman, Gomeed: son of Gomotan Sangira; a brave and proficient swordsman, Bulaw: daughter of Gomotan Sangira; a brave and proficient swordswoman, Rajah Humabon: a Subanon who migrated to Cebu and became a ruler there, Manama: the supreme deity also referred as Sigalungan, meaning all seeing; created the diwatas to assist him in creation; created the earth from his fingernail scrapings, Assistants in Manama's creation: all were given katusan (precognition and power); their bodies were life fingernails, smooth and shiny and only their joints have skin, Ogassi: brother of Manama; incorporated abaca strans into the clay that would become humans, causing mankind's mortality. Halupi: Essays on Philippine Culture. Empuq: the supreme deity, lord, and owner; the creator of all things in the world; Diwata: benevolent and protective deity who stays in the median space called Lalangaw; the mediator between humans and the supreme deity. Shamanism and Everyday Life. POTET, Jean-Paul G. (2016). The History of Sumatra: Containing An Account Of The Government, Laws, Customs And / Manners Of The Native Inhabitants. Seki, K. (2001). Hornedo, F. H. (1994). Mikkelsen, H. H. (2016). Diccionario mitologico de Filipinas. The Study of Philippine History. Quezon City: UP Press. In addition to providing us with honey and wax, bees are known to have magical properties, and they feature extensively in folklore from many different cultures. 4, Special Issue: Cebuano Literary Studies: Double Marginalization and Speaking Back: A Reading of Three Post-Colonial Texts. (1994). Hinilawod. "The Bisayan Dialects of the Philippines: Subgrouping and Reconstruction". Pack, J., Behrens, D. (1973). 18, No. University of Manila Journal of East Asiatic Studies, Volume 5. p. 52. Storch, Tanya (2017).Religions and Missionaries around the Pacific, 15001900. Want to shed the baggage of your old life and embrace a new and beautiful one? The number 1 is also associated with Allah, Aphrodite the Greek Goddess of Love, Apollo the Greek God of Communication, Diana the Roman Goddess of the Hunt, Vesta the Roman Hearth Goddess, Frey the Norse Hearth Goddess, Jehovah, the Egyptian God Neter and the Chinese God Pangu. 1/2, Philippine Cultural Minorities II: Mangyan Folklore. Filipino Heritage: The metal age in the Philippines (1977). Guillermo, A. R. (2012). WebGoats: Goats are a sign of good luck. Boston, Ginn. Ateneo University Press, 1994. Ethnography of the Bikol People. National Commission on Culture and the Arts. The plants are in full bloom at this time of the spring, and the bees take full advantage, buzzing back and forth, carrying pollen from one blossom to another. dayton leroy rogers family. In Our Islands, Our People: The Histories and Cultures of the Filipino Nation, edited by Cruz-Lucero, R. Clavel, L. S. (1972). Hes also invoked against the Uncreated One Philippine Mythology. The Isneg Farmer. McFarland, 2016. Reyes y Florentino, Isabelo de los (1909). Moss, C. R. (1924). San Buenaventura, Fr. Karlston, L. (2018). https://www.learnreligions.com/insect-magic-and-folklore-2562520 (accessed March 4, 2023). XIV. Pacific LinguisticsC.44. University of the Philippines Diliman. Manila. Muyco, Maria Christine M. 2008. (2019). The origins of invented vocabulary in a utopian Philippine language. Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Global Environment Facility, and UNDP. 3: The Horn Motif in Mythology and Folklore with Special Reference to the Philippines. While the woolly bears predictive ability may sound magical (and has been known for centuries), it was actually scientifically studied in the early 1950s, by Dr. C. H. Curran. Philippine Folk Literature: The Legends. Dancel, M. M. (1989). The T'boli Creation Myth and Religion. Noceda, Juan Jos de & Sanlucar, Pedro de (1754). ICCA Registry. Wood, G. L. (1957). Webmukade (, mukade) is a very large centipede-like yokai that lives in the mountains near Lake Biwa, Shiga Prefecture. I did have the pleasure (eh-heh) of receiving a few impressions of a rather large centipede, enjoying the offerings Id laid out on my altar; I havent the faintest whether it was my imagination, one of Sepas netjeri, or Sepa Himself. E. Floro, 1950. I Capul, siray pati inaanto / Capul, noon at ngayon: Ang kasaysayan ng palo ng Capul / Capul, before and now: a history of Capul Island. de el Renacimiento, 1909. Cruz-Lucero, R., Pototanon, R. M. (2018). Noceda, Juan de (1754). Springer. North Atlantic Books. My Blog deities associated with centipedes Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, XXV. Philippine Daily Inquirer. Fox, R. B. Page 872. He was honored with a festival from the Old Kingdom onward and had his own temple at Heliopolis where he was associated with protecting and watching over the mummy form of Osiris. Vocabulario de la lengua tagala: compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves, y coordinado. Views on Philippine Revolution, Volume 1. Borneo Research Bulletin. The Gods and Goddesses. Customs of the Tagalogs (two relations). Hyndman, D., Duhaylungsod, L., Thomas, B. Indigenous paraplegic divinity: The story of Namtogan. (2000). Ancient Beliefs and Customs of the Tagalogs. Philippine Ethnographic Series. Philippine Magazine, p. 405. Washington: Catholic Anthropological Conference. He was sometimes referred to as the centipede of Horus but was also closely associated with Osiris. Madrid, 1895. 8, No. Diccionario mitologico de Filipinas. A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Castao, F. J. University of the Philippines Press, 2000. Page 630. Two bright and positive crow-related deities are Bran Vendigeit (Bran the Blessed) and his sister Branwen (White Crow). Spiders may be scary, but they can be magical too!. Page 201. 31, No. (1992). Blumentritt, Ferdinand (1895). In fact, the scarab beetle also known as the dung beetle, because it rolls animal droppings into balls factors predominantly into legends detailing the creation of the earth and the universe itself. Far Eastern University (1967). Simply put, a super canid entity, possibly also associated with the jackal god Wepwawet (or Upuaut another deity of Upper Egypt with canine features but with grey fur), was conceived by the ancient Egyptians. As centipedes are venomous, Sepa was also considered to have power over other venomous animals and could be invoked for protection against snake bites and scorpion stings. UTP Journals. University of the Philippines Press. Zorc, David. Tagbanua Heaven. Scott, William Henry (1994). Barangay: Sixteenth-century Philippine Culture and Society. Peoples of the Philippines: Ibaloi. Cayat, G. C. Manuscript on Kalanguya Cultural Communities. University of Manila Journal Of East Asiatic Studies, Volumes 7-8. A.M.S. Lumicao-Lora, M. L. (1984). WebAFAIK, there are no deities associated with vanilla. Philippine History. Gaddang Literature. Centipedes are heavily dependent on water, since they dry out easily, so cool water is an exceptionally appropriate offering for a centipede god of the desert. Lulu.com, 2016. [4] The term itself can be further divided into ninuno (ancestral spirits) and diwata (gods, goddesses, and deities), although in many cases, the meaning of the terms differ depending on their ethnic association. This site uses functional cookies and external scripts to improve your experience. Blaan Folk Literature. Postma, A. Yabes, L. Y. The scarab, in some tales, represents Ra, the sun god, rolling the sun across the sky. POTET, Jean-Paul G. (2018). Centipedes tend to be nocturnal, which means approaching Sepa after dark is not only a-okay but potentially downright preferential. History Department, De La Salle University Manila. Matan-ayon: mother of Nagmalitung Yawa; thinking that Humadapnon has died, makes Nagmalitung Yawa pregnant to compel to her marriage with the revived Paglambuhan; Humadapnon later kills the couple, but is reunited with the revived Nagmalitung Yawa; Dumalapdap: an epic hero; brother of Labaw Donggon, Tikim Kadlum: an enchanted dog that rouses the ire of the monster Makabagting, Amburukay: married to Labaw Donggon after she consented her golden pubic hair to be used in Labaw Donggon's kudyapi, Pahagunon: an underworld being who abducts one of Labaw Donggon's wife, Ayon, Ayon: abducted by Pahagunon after Labaw Donggon transformed into a sea turtle, Giant Crab Master: a master who has a giant crab follower, who aids in the abduction of one of Labaw Donggon's wives; his loyal crab can transform into an island with betel-nut trees, Sanagnayan: a being whose life-force is in an egg in a lion's heart; the sister of Matan-ayon is rescued by Labaw Donggon from Sanagnayan, Balanakon: prevented by the god of the sky from sailing into Labaw Donggon's territory, resulting in a long-drawn battle, Tungkung Langit: the supreme deity and the most powerful male Diwata; he is of unknown origin, coming from somewhere foreign to the other beings of the Sulod pantheon, Bangun Bangun: the deity of universal time who regulates cosmic movements, Pahulangkug: the deity who changes the seasons, Ribung Linti: the deity of lightning and thunderstorms, Sumalongsong: the deity of the rivers and seas, Munsad Burulakaw: the deity who has direct power over men; most respected and feared in the upperworld, Bayi: one of the two primordial giants who appeared out of nowhere and were responsible for the creation of many things; caught the primordial earthworm and gave birth to the wild animals that inhabit the earth, Laki: one of the two primordial giants who appeared out of nowhere and were responsible for the creation of many things, Primordial Earthworm: an ancient earthworm who excreted the earth after it was caught by the primordial giantess, Bayi, The Three Brothers Watching Over the Soul, Mangganghaw: keeps track over man's affairs immediately after marriage; keeps track of pregnancy; he is the first to come to the house of a laboring mother, peeping in the houses to see the child being born, which he then reports to Manglaegas, Manglaegas: enters the house to look for the child to make sure the infant was born alive, then reports to Patag'aes, Patag'aes: awaits until midnight then enters the house to have a conversation with the living infant; if he discovers someone is eavesdropping, he will choke the child to death; their conversation creates the fate of the child, on how long the child wants to live and how the child will eventually die, where the child will always get to choose the answers; once done, Patag'aes takes out his measuring stick, computes the child's life span, and then departs, sealing the child's fate, Bangla'e: ferries the souls across Lim'awaen, a deep lake in the underworld; asks the soul how many spouses it had on earth, where the soul is ferried and talked to differently, depending on the answer and the gender of the soul; the soul cannot lie to Bangla'e, as he will summon the tuma, a body louse and the incarnation of the soul's conscience, Unnamed God: another god that asks questions to the soul, Balagu: guards the bridge of a stream called Himbarawen; asks the same question as Bangla'e to the soul, Diwata ng Kagubatan: goddess of the forest honored on top of Mount Caimana in Cuyo island, Neguno: the god of the sea that cursed a selfish man by turning him into the first shark. Monier-Williams, Monier (1872). Blumentritt, Ferdinand (1895). The Katipunan of the Philippines. Scott, William Henry (1994).Barangay: Sixteenth-century Philippine Culture and Society. It could be inferred that Cent Vol. Most centipedes are primarily carnivorous and only eat vegetable matter when starving, but are otherwise opportunistic feeders. The Sulod Myth of Creation. Makati City: Bookmark. (1913). Datu na Gyadsal: the chief adversary, who was also later called as Satan by Muslim converts; Spirit of the Rainbow: a spirit who may cut the finger of those who use their index finger to point at the rainbow, Bantugen: an epic hero-god and the god of forefathers who the masses look up to and trust, Apo: anestral spirits who take the role of intermediaries who overcome evil spirits, Pagari: also called Inikadowa, the twin-spirit who is sometimes in the form of a crocodile; if a person is possessed by them, the person will attain the gift of healing, Tarabusao: a half-man, half-horse giant monster who rules Mindanao and feasted on male human flesh, which caused many to escape into the island of Mantapuli; beheaded by Skander, Skander: the ruler of Mantapuli and an epic hero who went on a quest to slay the monster Tarabusao, Bai Labi Mapanda: the fairest lady of Mantapuli who is married to Skander, Kalanganan Kapre: a good giant who provided the people of Kalanganan I with security, guarding them against bad elements; eventually left Kalanganan when his home near the Pulangi river was cut down due to a surge in human population, Rajah Indarapatra: brother of Rajah Solayman; gave his ring and sword called Jurul Pakal to his brother, who went on a quest to defeat the monsters in Maguindanao; also planted a tree which would only die if Rajah Solayman dies; searched for his brother, who he revived using heaven-sent waters at Mount Gurayn; he afterwards went into his own quest, where he slayed a seven-headed monster; he eventually returned to Mantapoli, Rajah Solayman: brother of Rajah Indarapatra; went on a quest to defeat various monsters; slayed Kurita, Tarabusar, and Pah, but died when Pah's weight crushed him; revived when Rajah Indarapatra poured heaven-sent waters onto his bones, where afterwards, Rajah Solayman returned to Mantapoli. 4: Death and After Death: Ivatan Beliefs and Practices. From the Philippines to The Field Museum: A Study of Ilongot (Bugkalot) Personal Adornment. Press. English Translation published by University of Michigan. (2013). The Book of the Dead also makes a connection between Sepa and Anubis. A Collection of Igorot Legends. Image by Johann Schumacher/Photolibrary/Getty Images, Image by Jesper Johansson/EyeEm/Getty Images, Image by Ed Reschke/Photolibrary/Getty Images. They are: The last three are theSantisima Trinidad, to whom the, Rawtit: the ancient and gigantic matriarch who wields a huge knife, wears a lycra, and has magical power to leap miles in one bound; she brings peace to the forest and all its inhabitants, Quadruple Deities: the four childless naked deities, composed of two gods who come from the sun and two goddesses who come from the upper part of the river; summoned using the paragayan or diolang plates, Sayum-ay and Manggat: the ancestral ancient couple who named all trees, animals, lakes, rocks, and spirits, Labang: evil spirits which manifests in animal forms whose bites are fatal, as the bite marks on humans can become channels for bad spirits, Lahi: spirits which are potential allies and protectors against the Labang, Malawan: spirits that live in the springs in the deep forest, Taw Gubat: jungle men who live deep in the forest, Bulaw: those who live in mountain peaks; depicted as shooting stars because they fly from one peak to another and lights its way with a torch made from human bone, Bulang: a man who got stuck underwater during a torrential rain, resulting to his body become a rock called Bato Bulang; his rock serves as a stopper to a hole beneath it at the Binagaw river, where if it is to be removed, the whole area will be submerged in water, Mahal na Makaako: the supreme deity who gave life to all human beings merely by gazing at them, Binayo: owner of a garden where all spirits rest, Binayi: a sacred female spirit who is the caretaker of the Kalag Paray; married to Balingabong, Balungabong: spirit who is aided by 12 fierce dogs; erring souls are chased by these dogs and are eventually drowned in a cauldron of boiling water; married to Binayi, Kalag Paray: rice spirits; appeased to ensure a bountiful harvest, Labang: evil spirits who can take the form of animals and humans, Daniw: spirit residing in the stone cared for by the healers, Anay and Apog: the only two humans who survived the great flood which killed every other human; lived on top of Mount Naapog, Inabay: wife of Amalahi; met a ghoul, who she requested betel nuts to chew on, as per custom; later turned into a ghoul due to the ghoul's betel nuts, Amalahi: husband of Inabay; killed by his wife, who had turned into a ghoul, Daga-daga: eldest child of Inabay and Amalahi; sister of Palyos; called on the help of the Timawa to escape from her mother, and took care of her child brother in the forest, Palyos: younger child of Ibanay and Amalahi; brother of Daga-daga; befriended a wild chicken who he became friends with until he became tall; eventually, his friend chicken left the world of the living, leaving on its two wings, which when Palyos planted, sprouted and fruited rice, clothing, beads, and many others, which he and his sister shared with others, Timawa: the elves who aided the child Daga-daga and her small brother Palyos to escape from their mother, Inabay, who had turned into a ghoul, Amalahi: a grinning man who tricked the giant Amamangan and his family, which led to their death, Amamangan: a giant whose entire family were tricked by Amalahi, leading to death, Daldali: the fast one, who is always in a hurry, which usually results into deplorable things; cousin of Malway-malway, Malway-malway: the slow one, whose acts are normal and proper; cousin of Daldali, Monkey and Crocodile: two characters where Monkey always outwits.
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