For other uses, see. She was awarded the National Medal of Arts and the Presidential Medal of Freedom. The legendary singer is back in the spotlight thanks to Suzan-Lori Parkss Genius: Aretha, a new National Geographic series starring Cynthia Erivo as the singer. Turman and Franklin had both been previously married and entered their union with previous children. The album's title track was her first top-40 single on the pop charts in six years. Aretha Franklin was married twice in her lifetime. "American history wells up when Aretha sings", President Obama explained in response to her performance of "A Natural Woman" at the 2015 Kennedy Center Honors. [26][27], Just after her mother's death, Franklin began singing solos at New Bethel, debuting with the hymn "Jesus, Be a Fence Around Me". [16][15] Aretha's mother died of a heart attack on March 7, 1952, before Aretha's 10th birthday. [17] Several women, including Aretha's grandmother, Rachel, and Mahalia Jackson, took turns helping with the children at the Franklin home. Years after divorcing White, Aretha Franklin married actor Glenn Turman in 1978. Theodore Richard White (March 25, 1931 - October 26, 2020) was an American businessman, songwriter, music manager and producer from Detroit, Michigan. Aretha Franklin's funeral fit for a queen 03:59 CNN Aretha Franklin, whose gospel-rooted singing and bluesy yet expansive delivery earned her the title " the Queen of Soul ," has died,. [143], Franklin's music business friends included Dionne Warwick, Mavis Staples, and Cissy Houston, who began singing with Franklin as members of the Sweet Inspirations. Franklin was featured on vocals and piano. [122] She quietly and without fanfare supported Indigenous peoples' struggles worldwide, and numerous movements that supported Native American and First Nation cultural rights. [94] On February 8, 2008, Franklin was honored as the MusiCares Person of the Year, and performed "Never Gonna Break My Faith", which had won her the Grammy for best Gospel performance[95] the year before. [43][58] Upon hearing her version, Otis Redding said admiringly: "That little girl done took my song away from me. Take a look back at Aretha Franklin's life, as she tells it through a . The tribute concluded with a rendition of her 1968 hit, "A Natural Woman (You Make Me Feel Like)", performed by Fantasia Barrino-Taylor, Andra Day and Yolanda Adams. Bush. [121], Franklin was also a strong supporter of Native American rights. While her career did not immediately flourish, Franklin found acclaim and commercial success once she signed with Atlantic Records in 1966. Aretha Franklin remarried. Franklin won 18 Grammy Awards (out of 44 nominations),[4][5] including the first eight awards given for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance (19681975), a Grammy Awards Living Legend honor and Lifetime Achievement Award. [171][172] The cause of death was a malignant pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (pNET),[173][174] which is distinct from the most common form of pancreatic cancer. Birthday: March 25, 1942 ( Aries) Born In: Memphis, Tennessee, United States 303 119 Pianists #14 Rhythm & Blues Singers #5 Gospel Singers #2 Quick Facts Also Known As: Aretha Louise Franklin Died At Age: 76 Family: Spouse/Ex-: Glynn Turman (m. 1978-1984), Ted White (m. 1961-1969) father: Clarence LaVaughn Franklin mother: Barbara Siggers They were separated in 1982. In 1967s I Never Loved a Man (The Way I Love You), she sang the words, I don't know why I let you do these things to me / My friends keep telling me that you ain't no good / But they don't know that I'd leave you if I could.. Twelve years later, an unheard performance of "Never Gonna Break My Faith" was released in June 2020 to commemorate Juneteenth with a new video visualizing the American human rights movement. "In those years, Arethas story was pretty much a struggle over her career by two menour dad and Ted," Erma said. [85] In 1990, she sang "I Want to Be Happy", "(You Make Me Feel Like) A Natural Woman", and "Someone Else's Eyes" at the MDA Labor Day Telethon. Aretha Franklin's Granddaughter Performs Iconic Singer's 'Ain't No Way' for 'American Idol' Audition. [200], In 2010 Franklin was ranked first on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the "100 Greatest Singers of All Time"[7] and ninth on their list of "100 Greatest Artists of All Time". Franklin, played by Courtney B. Vance, in "Genius: Aretha.". adopted (Vaughn didn't learn C.L. "She was a very large part of his life," she said. On August 13, 2018, Franklin was reported to be gravely ill with pancreatic cancer, the disease she was first diagnosed with in 2010, in a Detroit hospital. [51][34] Spann ceremonially placed a crown on her head. Franklin was a Kennedy Center Honoree in 1994, recipient of the National Medal of Arts in 1999, recipient of the American Academy of Achievement's Golden Plate Award presented by Awards Council member Coretta Scott King,[194][195][196] and was bestowed the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2005 by then President George W. The couple met backstage at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion during a Ben Vereen show. [177] Civil rights activist and minister Al Sharpton called her a "civil rights and humanitarian icon". Aretha Franklin married Ted White when she was a teenager In the early 1960s, Franklin was an up-and-coming singer while White was a sandlot promoter who dabbled in Detroit real estate. [145], Franklin was a Christian and was a registered Democrat. [233], On January 29, 2018, Gary Graff confirmed that Jennifer Hudson would play Franklin in an upcoming biopic. Ted White [92] In February 2006 she performed "The Star-Spangled Banner" with Aaron Neville and Dr. John for Super Bowl XL, held in her hometown of Detroit.[93]. [125] Franklin did not like to discuss her early pregnancies with interviewers. Aretha was married to her second husband, actor Glynn Turman, from 1978 to 1984. [65] She appeared on the cover of Time magazine in June.[66]. Aretha moved back to Detroit in late 1982 to assist with the care of her father, who died at Detroit's New Light Nursing Home on July 27, 1984. [24] Serving as her manager, C. L. Franklin agreed to the move and helped to produce a two-song demo that soon was brought to the attention of Columbia Records, who agreed to sign her in 1960, as a "five-percent artist". Musicians and professionals alike such as Elton John, Keith Richards, Carole King, and Clive Davis were fans of her piano performances. Franklin's half-brother Vaughn died in late 2002. [226][227], A tribute concert, "Aretha! Amazing Grace (1972), a live recording of her performance with a choir at the New Temple Missionary Baptist Church in Los Angeles, is considered one of the great gospel albums of any era. Turman, 74, is best known for roles in Cooley High, The Wire, and House of Lies. Franklin's movie about her life, titled Respect starring Jennifer Hudson, hits theaters on August 13, 2021. "Arethas husband, Ted White, roughed her up in public," the piece says. "I felt like she needed counseling cause she kept missing gigs and kept taking all kinds of abuse from Ted. At the age of 18, she was signed as a recording artist for Columbia Records. Aretha was as remote as she could be," Otis said. She also was inducted into the UK Music Hall of Fame in 2005 and into the Gospel Music Hall of Fame in 2012. Aretha Franklin was previously married to Glynn Turman (1978 - 1984) and Ted White (1962 - 1969). Wilkerson passed away due to complications from COVID-19 in 2020. Besides the foregoing, the singer's well-known hits also include "Ain't No Way", "Call Me", "Don't Play That Song (You Lied)", "Spanish Harlem", "Rock Steady", "Day Dreaming", "Until You Come Back to Me (That's What I'm Gonna Do)", "Something He Can Feel", "Jump to It", "Freeway of Love", "Who's Zoomin' Who" and "I Knew You Were Waiting (For Me)" (a duet with George Michael). Her most famous songs include Respect (1967), I Say a Little Prayer (1968), Chain of Fools (1967), and Until You Come Back to Me (Thats What Im Gonna Do) (1973). In 1977, Franklin met Glynn Turman at a benefit party for the charity Giant Step and they began seeing each other. Aretha Franklin has died after a long battle with cancer. Aretha Louise Franklin was born on March 25, 1942, in Memphis, Tennessee. See an exhibit on Aretha Franklin, and the Janis Joplin's famous psychedelic 1965 Porsche at the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum. A lot of trouble. [213], Franklin received honorary degrees from Harvard University and New York University in 2014,[214] as well as honorary doctorates in music from Princeton University, 2012;[215] Yale University, 2010;[216] Brown University, 2009;[217] University of Pennsylvania, 2007;[218] Berklee College of Music, 2006;[219] New England Conservatory of Music, 1997;[220] and University of Michigan, 1987. [199] Franklin was the first individual woman to receive a Pulitzer Prize Special Citation. We may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products we back. Editor's note: The following article is an op-ed and the views expressed are the author's own. He has written for Billboard, Complex, and i-D, among other outlets. Ritz David. In 1998, Franklin returned to the Top 40 with the Lauryn Hill-produced song "A Rose Is Still a Rose"; later, she released an album with the same name. Before signing with Columbia, Sam Cooke tried to persuade Franklin's father to sign her with his label, RCA, but his request was denied since she had decided to go with Columbia. I knew Ted White, as did most entertainers in Detroit, Aretha's sister, the late singer Erma Franklin, said in the book. White is portrayed by actor Malcolm Barrett in Genius: Aretha. Though Franklin and Turman did several high-profile interviews with the intention of painting their married life as idyllic, things reportedly started to erode. She was called the "Queen of Soul". A reluctant interviewee, Franklin kept her private life private, claiming that the popular perception associating her with the unhappiness of singers Bessie Smith and Billie Holiday was misinformed. There were plans for her to record an album produced by Danger Mouse, who was replaced with Babyface and Don Was when Danger Mouse left the project. A woman and her purse are inseparable. After her fairy tale wedding and her enormous effort to paint a perfect picture in all the magazines, the end of this relationship was especially painful.. Aretha Franklin was in the music business for nearly 60 years. [47] Also during that period, she appeared on rock-and-roll shows, such as Hollywood a Go-Go and Shindig! Aretha told me she could use it on one condition: only if I drove. She was introduced to Theodore "Ted" White by fellow singer Della Reese. In 1985, inspired by a desire to have a "younger sound" in her music, Who's Zoomin' Who? In 2010, Franklin accepted an honorary degree from Yale University. [40], She returned to Detroit's Ford Field on Thanksgiving Day 2016 to once again perform the national anthem before the game between the Minnesota Vikings and Detroit Lions. Aretha Louise Franklin (March 25, 1942 - August 16, 2018) was an American soul and R&B singer. A 1968 Time cover story on Franklin titled "The Sound of Soul" delves into the trauma she experienced, reportedly at the hands of Ted White. ", "Soul Survivor: The revival and hidden treasure of Aretha Franklin", "That time Aretha Franklin dazzled America on Thanksgiving with national anthem", "Aretha Franklin's classic old records get Royal Philharmonic garnish", "Aretha Franklin gives Detroit something to remember", "Review: Aretha Franklin buoyant at Chicago Theatre", "The Diva Has Returned: Aretha Franklin Reveals Stunning Weight Loss", "Queen of Soul Aretha Franklin dies: A look back at her legacy", "Relive Aretha Franklin at Ravinia for what wound up being her final full concert ever! She was a friend of Pavarotti and had sung the aria two nights prior at the annual MusiCares event. Franklin was married twice. . Franklin's sisters, Erma and Carolyn, were professional musicians and spent years performing background vocals on Franklin's recordings. [152] A former chain smoker who struggled with alcoholism, she quit smoking in 1992. [45] Mostly produced by Clyde Otis, Franklin's Columbia recordings saw her performing in diverse genres, such as standards, vocal jazz, blues, doo-wop and rhythm and blues. Dr. William Barber II. During that period, Franklin provided vocals to the theme songs of the TV shows A Different World and Together. Per David Ritz's Respect: The Life of Aretha Franklin, they first met in 1954 at a party, and White had a reputation as something of a smooth operator. She would go on to record the selection and perform it live several more times in the years to come. The Respect singer was not married at the time of her passing, but she was in a serious relationship with her longtime partner,. The couple got married in 1961 and had a series of domestic violence incidents before ending up divorced in 1969 (via Essence ). [24] She was inducted into the Michigan Rock and Roll Legends Hall of Fame in 2005,[197] and the Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame in 2015. From powerful, defiant .css-9cezh6{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;text-decoration-color:inherit;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:#E61957;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;}.css-9cezh6:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}love songs like Think to celebratory records (You Make Me Feel Like) a Natural Woman, Aretha Franklin was singularly gifted at capturing the gamut of relationships in her work. [54][55] Wexler decided that he wanted to take advantage of her gospel background; his philosophy in general was to encourage a "tenacious form of rhythm & blues that became increasingly identified as soul". Franklin maintained a residence there until her death. They separated when she was 6-year old. [44], In January 1961, Columbia issued Franklin's first album, Aretha: With The Ray Bryant Combo. It got bizarre.". [129] He provided guitar backing for his mother's band during live concerts. It ended years later, and many sources affirm that it was due to domestic abuse. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. As a child, Franklin was noticed for her gospel singing at New Bethel Baptist Church in Detroit, Michigan, where her father C. L. Franklin was a minister. She was 1 of 5 children. [165], In February 2017, Franklin announced in an interview with local Detroit television anchor Evrod Cassimy, that 2017 would be her final year touring. [107][108][109] At the Ravinia Festival on September 3, 2017, she gave her last full concert. Aretha was married to Ted White in 1961, when the singer was 19. The Queen of Soul died of pancreatic . [190][191], Franklin received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1979, had her voice declared a Michigan "natural resource" in 1985,[192] and became the first woman inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1987. [86][87], In 1995, she was selected to play Aunt Em in the Apollo Theater revival of The Wiz. [139], Franklin had a long friendship with Willie Wilkerson, a Vietnam War veteran and Detroit firefighter, who also helped in her work and cared for her when ill.[140] In 2012 she announced plans to marry Wilkerson[141][142] but the engagement was quickly called off. After a difficult marriage that involved domestic violence, they separated in 1968. In "Respect," Aretha is seen as a 10-year-old in her Detroit bedroom when an older, unnamed male house guest wanders in, offering to be her "boyfriend.". "They loved each other. [37] Other influences in her youth included Marvin Gaye (who was a boyfriend of her sister), as well as Ray Charles and Sam Cooke, "two of Franklin's greatest influences". Might be showing my age, but who knew Aretha remarried to actor, Glynn Russell Turman. [126] Both children took her family name. In 1971, Franklin became the first R&B performer to headline Fillmore West, later that year releasing the live album Aretha Live at Fillmore West. [72] The live performances were filmed for a concert film directed by Sydney Pollack, but due to synching problems and Franklin's own attempts to prevent the film's distribution after Hollywood refused to promote a dark-skinned black woman as a movie star at the time, the film's release was only realized by producer Alan Elliott in November 2018. Her enormous discography includes 38 studio albums and 6 live albums. Among the visitors were gospel musicians Clara Ward, James Cleveland, and early Caravans members Albertina Walker and Inez Andrews. C. L. (Clarence La Vaughn), a minister and gospel singer, and gospel singer Barbara (Siggers) Franklin. Aretha Franklin married her husband, Glynn Turman, before announcing the news during one of her concerts. ", According to Respect, the late Detroit-based soul singer Harvey Fuqua was critical of White, though Ritz noted that "in Aretha's [own] book, there is not a hint of White's shady activities.". [53], Producer Jerry Wexler convinced her to move to Atlantic Records. She was delivered at her family's home located at 406 Lucy Avenue, Memphis, Tennessee. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. We may earn commission from the links on this page. She was drinking so much, we thought she was on the verge of a breakdown, her sister Carolyn said in Ritzs biography. [175][176] Numerous celebrities in the entertainment industry and politicians paid tribute to Franklin, including former U.S. President Barack Obama who said she "helped define the American experience". Aretha Franklin married Ted White in 1961 at age 19, and he served as her manager up until 1969, when the two got divorced. Label executive John H. Hammond later said he felt Columbia did not understand Franklin's early gospel background and failed to bring that aspect out further during her period there. Aretha Franklin died of advanced pancreatic cancer on August 16, 2018, in Detroit, Michigan. [110][111] Franklin's final public performance was at the Cathedral of St. John the Divine in New York City during Elton John's 25th anniversary gala for the Elton John AIDS Foundation on November 7, 2017. She moved to New York City, where Columbia Records executive John Hammond, who had signed Count Basie and Billie Holiday, arranged her recording contract and supervised sessions highlighting her in a blues-jazz vein. Before the year was out, Franklin scored her first with her hit-single rendition of the standard "Rock-a-Bye Your Baby with a Dixie Melody". Aretha Franklin was in relationships with Eumir Deodato (1973) and Ken Cunningham (I) (1968 - 1971). . [209] In 2018, Franklin was inducted in to the Memphis Music Hall of Fame. [127] Franklin would visit them often. Aretha was married to Ted White in 1961, when the singer was 19. [178], A memorial service was held at New Bethel Baptist Church on August 19. .css-47aoac{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;text-decoration-color:inherit;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:#A00000;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;}.css-47aoac:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}Aretha Franklins decades-long career dominance was rooted in songs that unleashed the power women so often had to hide. Their talent takes over their lives and overwhelms everything else, Cecil said. They had one child, son Teddy Richards. [201] Following news of Franklin's surgery and recovery in February 2011, the Grammys ceremony paid tribute to the singer with a medley of her classics performed by Christina Aguilera, Florence Welch, Jennifer Hudson, Martina McBride, and Yolanda Adams. Record producer Jerry Wexler, Franklin, and White. Aretha Franklin's love life included a whirlwind of emotions. Her first husband was Ted White, whom she married in 1961 at the age of 18. Jail is hell to be in. [25] Ward also served as a role model to the young Aretha. They called each other sweetie. Type. [citation needed], While Franklin canceled some concerts in 2017 due to health reasons, and during an outdoor Detroit show, she asked the audience to "keep me in your prayers", she was still garnering highly favorable reviews for her skill and showmanship. Ted was 30 years old when he married Aretha Franklin. This caused the song to enter the Billboard gospel charts at number one, giving Franklin the distinction of having had a number one record in every decade since the 1960s. He earned thousands of dollars for sermons in various churches across the country. According to Daily Mail, Aretha Franklin's early career was reportedly bankrolled by Ted White, the man she walked down . In 2014, Franklin was signed under RCA Records, controller of the Arista catalog and a sister label to Columbia via Sony Music Entertainment, and worked with Clive Davis. [153] She admitted in 1994 that her smoking was "messing with my voice",[154] but after quitting smoking she said later, in 2003, that her weight "ballooned". Shes a genius, and geniuses are plagued by their talent. Franklin achieved a gold recordfor the first time in seven yearswith the 1982 album Jump to It. [122], Born in Memphis, Tennessee, and raised in Detroit, Michigan, Franklin moved to New York City in the 1960s where she lived until relocating to Los Angeles in the mid-1970s. Glynn Turman Jr. was murdered in 1986 by Henry Eugene . Franklin separated from White in 1968 and after she was married to actor Glynn Turman in 1978. 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[205] Inducted to the GMA Gospel Music Hall of Fame in 2012, Franklin was described as "the voice of the civil rights movement, the voice of black America". That seemed to be the kind of attention Franklin craved. He helped Aretha get it together. That was a huge blessing. [76] "Davis was beguiling and had the golden touch", according to Rolling Stone. With the fresh anthology about Franklin currently streaming on Hulu, heres a primer on the men she once shared her life with. She was the mother of four, and her first son was born in 1955 when she was 12. Family and friends including Martha Reeves and Bettye Lavette celebrate the life of a. [40] The Atlantic days would lead to a series of hits for Aretha Franklin from 1967 to early 1972; her rapport with Wexler helped in the creation of the majority of her peak recordings with Atlantic. Grant Rindner is a culture and music journalist in New York. In addition, she received a Kennedy Center Honor in 1994, a National Medal of Arts in 1999, and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2005. When Aretha was two, the family relocated to Buffalo, New York. Trouble is brewing around the estate of Aretha Franklin, where police are investigating possible theft of her assets and an ex-husband is angling for money. In Respect, Etta James likens the relationship between Aretha and White to that of Ike and Tina Turner, which was abusive, and in an interview as part of the book, legendary record producer Clyde Otis talked about being at tense sessions with the two of them. [73], Franklin's career began to experience problems while recording the album Hey Now Hey, which featured production from Quincy Jones. This was reissued by Battle Records in 1962, under the same title. However, according to Rolling Stone, "they weren't as terrible as some claimed, they were pro forma and never reached for new heights". When soul icon Aretha Franklin died in 2018, she left behind not only a mammoth catalog of hits, but four children. [18][28] When Franklin was 12, her father began managing her; he would take her on the road with him, during his "gospel caravan" tours for her to perform in various churches. Jasper Williams Jr. of Salem Baptist Church in Atlanta, as he had eulogized her father as well as speaking at other family memorials. Franklin, was a nationally known Baptist preacher and civil rights activist who, in spite of his religious commitments, impregnated a teenager at his church,. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Franklin and White, who was also her manager, married in 1961 when she was just 19 years old; but after seven years of marriage, they separated in 1968. Corrections? Cecil Franklin. While her album sales in the 1990s and 2000s failed to approach the numbers of previous decades, Franklin remained the Queen of Soul. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Franklin first met Cissy's young daughter, Whitney Houston, in the early 1970s. R.I.P. Omissions? Her main commitment is to her music. [112], According to Richie Unterberger, Franklin was "one of the giants of soul music, and indeed of American pop as a whole. Her sister Carolyn died in April 1988 from breast cancer and her eldest sister Erma died from throat cancer in September 2002. New York: Little Brown & Company. Read more opinions on theGrio. Franklin was married to Glynn Turman from 1978 to 1984. They were like best friends. She first became pregnant at the age of 12 and gave birth to her first child, named Clarence after her father,[123] on January 28, 1955. They had a special relationship.". [51], Franklin was the mother of four sons.
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